Bitmain Antminer KS7 (45TH)

The top bin Antminer KS7 delivers 45 TH/s on the KHeavyHash algorithm at 3,080W wall draw and 68.44 J/TH efficiency. Bitmain rates hashrate at plus or minus 3 percent, so real world output typically ranges between 43.6 and 46.4 TH/s depending on ambient temperature, voltage stability, and firmware version. The 45 TH/s tier is the highest performing of three chip binning options Bitmain ships for the KS7. Lower bins at 40 TH/s and 36 TH/s share the same chassis and power requirements but deliver less output per unit.

The KS7 mines any cryptocurrency built on the KHeavyHash algorithm. Kaspa (KAS) is the primary target and largest KHeavyHash network by market capitalization. Sedra (SDR) is the secondary option. KarlsenCoin (KLS) and Pyrin (PYI) also use KHeavyHash variants that accept KS7 hashrate through compatible pools. Pool options for Kaspa include F2Pool, ViaBTC, WoolyPooly, KaspaPool, 2Miners, ACC Pool, and Herominers. Configure pool URL and wallet through the Bitmain web interface.

The KS5 Pro delivers 21 TH/s at 3,150W and 150 J/TH. The KS7 top bin delivers 45 TH/s at 3,080W and 68.44 J/TH. That is more than double the hashrate at slightly less total power consumption, working out to 46 percent lower energy cost per terahash. For operators still running KS5 Pro or older KS5 units, the upgrade math is straightforward: the KS7 produces substantially more KAS per watt consumed, and on active mining days the efficiency gap covers the acquisition cost faster than most operators expect. Full generational leap rather than incremental refresh.

IceRiver produced earlier generation Kaspa ASICs including the KS3, KS3M, KS5M, KS5L, and IceRiver's own KS7 (at 30 TH/s). The Bitmain Antminer KS7 at 45 TH/s exceeds every IceRiver model on raw hashrate and represents a newer chip generation with better efficiency per terahash. For operators building Kaspa fleets in 2026, Bitmain's KS7 currently leads the category. Some operators run both brands for vendor diversification against single point supply chain risk.

Depends heavily on your electricity rate. At MillionMiner's onsite $0.08 per kWh rate: $8.88 daily revenue against $5.91 electricity, netting $2.96 daily profit. At $0.04 per kWh industrial rates, daily net approaches $5.00 per unit. At residential rates above $0.12 per kWh, the math tightens significantly. Kaspa mining profitability swings faster than Bitcoin because the blockDAG difficulty adjusts per block rather than every two weeks, and KAS price volatility exceeds BTC's. Run fresh numbers through Minerstat, WhatToMine, or KaspaCalc with your specific electricity rate before committing capital.

220 to 277V AC input on a dedicated 20 amp circuit. The KS7 does not support 110V residential power. At 220V the unit draws approximately 14 amps continuously, which fits comfortably within a 20 amp breaker with headroom. European, Middle Eastern, and most Asian operators at 230V single phase run the KS7 directly off standard commercial or dedicated residential circuits. North American operators need 240V service, typically requiring a dedicated circuit installed by a licensed electrician. The included C20-P13 Antwire cable connects the PSU to the miner; you source the C19 power cord locally to match your outlet type at 16 amps minimum.

Setup takes under 15 minutes. Step one: plug the PSU into the miner and into a dedicated 240V outlet at 20 amp capacity using the included C20-P13 Antwire cable plus a locally sourced C19 power cord. Step two: connect Ethernet from the miner to your router or managed switch. Step three: power on and wait 60 seconds for boot. Step four: find the miner IP through your router's DHCP table or Bitmain IP Reporter utility. Step five: open the IP in any web browser and log in with default credentials (root/root). Step six: navigate to Miner Configuration, enter your Kaspa pool URL (for example stratum+tcp://kas.2miners.com:2020), set your KAS wallet address as the username, enter any placeholder password, and save. Hashrate climbs to 44+ TH/s within 10 to 15 minutes.

The best pool depends on your priorities. F2Pool offers the largest Kaspa pool hashrate with reliable uptime and broad server coverage. ViaBTC provides competitive FPPS payouts and accumulation mode for reducing variance. WoolyPooly has strong Kaspa specific infrastructure with low fees (0.9 percent). 2Miners offers solo and shared mining options with transparent statistics. KaspaPool is community run with direct Kaspa project ties. Herominers provides multi region servers for latency optimization. Pool fees typically range from 0.5 to 2 percent. For fleet operators running 10+ KS7 units, direct negotiation with larger pools can secure reduced fees.

Kaspa uses a blockDAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) rather than Bitcoin's linear blockchain. The network processes one block per second, 600 times faster than Bitcoin's ten minute block time. For miners, this architecture creates three practical consequences. First, reward distribution happens more frequently (hundreds of small rewards per day rather than infrequent large ones). Second, difficulty adjusts continuously rather than every two weeks, so new hashrate gets priced in within minutes. Third, timing matters more than on Bitcoin because early deployment captures disproportionate rewards before difficulty adjusts. Run the KS7 continuously rather than intermittently to maximize blockDAG mining advantages.

75 dB from four high RPM fans is standard industrial ASIC noise, comparable to a vacuum cleaner running at close range. Deploy in garages, basements with adequate ventilation, dedicated mining rooms, workshops, outbuildings, or professional hosting facilities. Not suitable for bedrooms, living rooms, home offices, or shared living spaces without sound isolation. For Kaspa mining at home with noise constraints, consider hosting through MillionMiner's managed facilities as an alternative to running the unit in your living space.

Possible with proper infrastructure. You need a dedicated 240V/20A circuit (most homes require electrical panel work to install one), a room or garage that can dissipate 3,080W of continuous heat output (equivalent to approximately two and a half space heaters), ambient temperature staying within the 5 to 45 degree Celsius operating range, and tolerance for 75 dB industrial noise. Winter deployment in cold climates turns the heat output into useful space heating. Summer deployment in warm climates requires active cooling or significantly reduced miner lifespan through thermal stress. For most home operators, hosting is the practical alternative.

Bitmain's stock firmware handles standard operation, pool configuration, hashrate monitoring, and remote management through the web interface. Third party firmware options include Braiins OS+ (autotuning and Stratum V2 support), LuxOS (industrial fleet management from LuxOR Tech), and Vnish (aggressive tuning popular in Eastern European markets). Third party firmware can extract 3 to 7 percent additional hashrate from the same hardware at 5 to 12 percent more power draw. Factory firmware is the safer choice for first time Kaspa miners. Experienced operators running multi unit fleets typically deploy Braiins OS+ or LuxOS for unified management and efficiency tuning.

Yes within firmware constraints. Stock Bitmain firmware allows limited frequency adjustments. Third party firmware like Braiins OS+ or Vnish unlocks aggressive autotuning. Typical overclock gains run 3 to 6 percent additional hashrate at higher power consumption. Underclocking drops hashrate but improves J/TH by 5 to 10 percent, valuable during KAS price dips or expensive electricity periods. The BM1x70 series chips tolerate moderate tuning well. Aggressive overclocking increases thermal stress and shortens expected hardware lifespan, so most professional operators keep tuning conservative.

At MillionMiner's $2,123 price, the KS7 top bin works out to $47.18 per terahash acquired. That compares to the KS5 Pro at roughly $130 per terahash when it was current generation, and IceRiver's KS7 at approximately $80 per terahash for its 30 TH/s output. The Bitmain KS7 is the cheapest per terahash Kaspa hardware Bitmain has ever shipped. For operators scaling Kaspa fleets, that cost per terahash advantage compounds across fleet size.

Monthly fan cleaning with compressed air to clear dust buildup that reduces cooling efficiency and accelerates fan bearing wear. Quarterly inspection of hashboard seating and connector integrity. Semi annual firmware updates when Bitmain releases patches. Continuous ambient temperature monitoring, because most KS7 failures trace back to thermal stress from inadequate ventilation. Every 18 to 24 months at full duty cycle, expect at least one fan replacement per unit. Budget approximately 3 to 5 percent of acquisition cost annually for replacement parts and maintenance labor.

Three issues surface most often. First, temperature warnings when ambient approaches 40 degrees Celsius or airflow is obstructed. Solutions include improving ventilation, cleaning dust filters, and adjusting fan curves through the web interface. Second, hashrate drops below the expected 44+ TH/s range, usually caused by individual chip failures on one of the hashboards. Identify the affected board through the web interface diagnostics and RMA it through MillionMiner's warranty support. Third, fan errors triggering protective shutdowns as fan bearings wear. Replacement fans are standard Bitmain SKUs available through MillionMiner.

For existing Bitmain fleets running Bitcoin or other Antminer hardware, the KS7 uses identical firmware, web interface, pool configuration format, and management APIs. Fleet tools including Foreman, Awesome Miner, Hive OS, and Braiins OS+ discover the KS7 automatically through your management network. Point it at your chosen Kaspa pool with your standard worker naming scheme. The only practical difference is pool selection (KHeavyHash pool rather than SHA-256) and wallet address format (KAS address rather than BTC). Network and power infrastructure mirror any standard Antminer deployment: one Ethernet port per miner, one 20 amp 240V circuit per miner.

Kaspa's blockDAG architecture creates specific timing pressure. Every day without mining is KAS tokens permanently forfeited at today's lower difficulty. The KS7 at 45 TH/s is the highest hashrate dedicated Kaspa ASIC currently in production. No imminent replacement has been announced from Bitmain or competitor manufacturers. Bitmain's typical hardware refresh cycle for Kaspa runs 12 to 18 months between generations, suggesting the KS7 remains the leading option through most of 2026. For operators convinced on Kaspa fundamentals, deploying now captures mining revenue that waiting surrenders.

MillionMiner ships the KS7 factory sealed with Bitmain's standard factory warranty (typically 180 to 365 days from shipment date depending on batch). Warranty covers manufacturing defects and hardware failures under normal operation within specified environmental ranges. Exclusions include damage from improper electrical installation, aggressive overclocking beyond factory specifications, operation outside the 5 to 45 degree Celsius range, or physical mishandling during installation. MillionMiner routes warranty claims through direct Bitmain channels for faster resolution. PSU and C20-P13 Antwire cable included in the box. Free DDP delivery worldwide covers all customs clearance, import duties, and value added tax.

For operators building diversified proof of work fleets alongside Kaspa, the Antminer S21 XP at 270 TH/s and 13.5 J/TH covers Bitcoin SHA-256 mining on similar electrical infrastructure (240V 20A circuits work for both). For capital efficient Bitcoin fleet expansion, the Antminer S21+ at 235 TH/s pairs well with KS7 units at MillionMiner's pricing tier. For hydro cooled deployments, the Antminer S21 XP Hydro at 473 TH/s requires hydro infrastructure and three phase power that most KS7 operations do not have, so mixing hydro and air cooled typically requires separate facility zones. MillionMiner's ASIC hosting service accepts KS7 units at industrial electricity rates for operators who prefer turnkey Kaspa deployment.